eh carr obituary

(Perhaps Stone is just ignorant of it: he even gets the title of the Oxford Chair of International Relations wrong.) The fact is that an impeccable Soviet source printed, in 1964, the results of an Army survey which showed that there were more men in the Army in 1917 than at any previous point in the war.5 Most Russian soldiers proved to be as patriotic as soldiers of other countries at this time. The passages in the review which deal with our father’s personal life contain many defamatory untruths. SIR: E.H. Carr’s History of Soviet Russia is a complicated work, and demands diligence and hard thinking from the reader. At Cambridge, he excelled as a Classicist (he won the Porson Prize, and with it bought a set of Macaulay) and proceeded to the Foreign Office in the middle of the First World War, escaping conscription for reasons, apparently, of health. TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. Russia (or the Soviet Union) somehow managed, as great states often do, to contain the nationality question. It is so very easy to sink to this level of gossip-mongering malignancy, masquerading as intellectual toughmindedness, especially when the victim cannot respond. On the contrary, in his leader on ‘Britain and Hitler’ in the Times on 22 July 1940, Carr denounced Hitler’s ‘bankruptcy’, declared that ‘Britain epitomises everything that degenerate Nazism fears and hates,’ and concluded that ‘two visions of the future are offered to the world. But see the specific references in Bolshevik Revolution, Vol. In the long run, we are satisfied that the virtues of Carr and his work – their own grandeur, in fact – will easily survive attempts such as Stone’s to besmirch them. And for a man supposedly ‘something of a coward’, who was ‘reluctant … to condemn’ and ‘never quite said what he meant’, Carr was surprisingly articulate when it came to describing ‘Stalin’s extreme brutality and indifference to personal dictatorship’, the ‘bleak and inhuman character’ of his rule, ‘the darkest period of Soviet experience’ (Foundations of a Planned Economy, Vol. His specific references to the History are misleading and slipshod. When you read Carr, you hear in one chapter about the facts of the issue under debate, in another place altogether about the general atmosphere in the party, in another place again about the growth of the terror-machine, in another place again about the machinery of politics. Much of this we don’t need to take seriously, like the references to style and long paragraphs or to Richard Pipes’s lack of respect (it is said) for the quality of Carr’s scholarship. The ‘appeasement’ issue did embarrass him in later life, and, in a preface to a reissue of The Twenty Years’ Crisis, he dismisses the book as ‘a period-piece’.2 It was popular at the time with people who found the patriotic euphoria of the early war years, and the illusions that accompanied it, difficult to take. Photos/Video. In one of his reviews, Carr states that the chief reform occurred in 1908: it came, in fact, in 1906. Carr’s title to give these lectures lay in his History, which was being very well-received by reviewers. This is the full obituary story where you can express condolences and share memories. The curious thing about Carr, the historian of power, was that he never had much himself. But my book’s point, firmly ignored by Carr, was that there were scores of factories available to the War Ministry, which simply refused, for bizarre reasons, to use them. The result is a trail of devastation. Carr’s own work concerned the origins of the Stalinist apparatus that was able to carry out such a feat. His other publications included ''The Soviet Impact on the Western World,'' ''Studies in Revolution'' and ''The Russian Revolution: Lenin to Stalin.''. This is the full obituary where you can express condolences and share memories. Teodor Shanin’s Awkward Class (1972) is something of a classic on Russian agrarian history. Like so many pro-Soviet people of his vintage, he had experienced Edwardian Progressivism. By E H. . There are many other errors of detail in Stone’s article. KRISTINA ROSE CARR, 68, of Ripley, WV passed away, Wednesday, October 7, 2020 from a short illness in CAMC Memorial Hospital, Charleston. The jibe that Carr was ‘simply dishonest to end a history of the Soviet Union in 1929’. 4. He advocated ‘a compromise between the utopian conception of a common feeling of right and the realistic conception of a mechanical adjustment to a changed equilibrium of forces’: in other words, if a state has power, recognise the fact. Peasant farming in the 1920s was backward, with low yields and low labour productivity. And then, what exactly is that single and homogeneous ‘the Left’ which, as Stone says on at least two occasions, put Carr ‘under pressure’? In the context of his three-volume Revolution, to devote three pages to the Stolypin reform, a central issue, is tantamount to ‘a few sentences’; his referring to the reform as occurring in 1908, not 1906, occurred in a quite separate place (a review of Shanin) and I did not feel he deserved the benefit of the doubt of a misprint. Turning now to Messrs Barber and Haslam, their contribution in the same issue contains an important correction in points 4 and 5. SIR: E.H. Carr will survive his obituarists, if only because his History of Soviet Russia constitutes, with Joseph Needham’s Science and Civilisation in China, the most remarkable effort of single-handed historical scholarship undertaken in Britain within living memory. His Times editorials argued strongly, and with influence, for recognition of the role that the Soviet Union would have after the war. By 1929, the considerations of industrial planning supervened, and collectivisation was ordered – a sort of huge requisition, rather than a serious agrarian policy (and a measure strongly opposed by virtually everyone who understood agriculture). It is a cruel and rather depressing work, and you end up feeling rather sorry for Natalie Herzen, the butt of Carr’s knowing asides. In Foundations, he was lucky to acquire the partnership of Professor R.W. (1951). How Stone has the nerve to call Carr ‘mean’ and ‘cruel’, given the sustained nastiness of his polemic, is not the least remarkable thing about this unseemly affair. Our father was never farmed out. He thought it was mad for this country to become involved in war with Germany over some Eastern European question, and he opposed the guarantee to Poland. Carr and others showed over thirty years ago that the policy reversal was approved by the party central committee before the Kronstadt rising (Carr’s footnote on this was overlooked by Stone in the very passage he is criticising – ibid. The relationship began with Carr (still at Balliol) agreeing to see me to discuss my Cambridge PhD thesis on the early German Social Democrats. The work is padded out in ways that only confuse the reader – lengthy excursions on constitutions, for instance, which could be left to encyclopedias. As for the truly astonishing statement that ‘it is said’ (again!) He talks of ‘the oddly distorted amalgam of bourgeois and socialist revolutions’, and remarks that ‘what inspired, and constantly tarnished, the [industrial] achievement was the illusory proletarian revolution.’ His book is really to be seen as a study of how Great Power is made out of revolutionary origins: it was this, more than anything else, that interested him. It was a strangely abstract interest, for he never learned to speak the language fluently, and spent only a few weeks there in all of his life – two visits, one in the later Twenties, and one in the mid-Fifties (to a historical conference). An American writer on British intervention in the Civil War, Richard Ullman, managed to offend Carr. The Master of Balliol, the stern Calvinist Lindsay Keir, disliked everything about Carr – his affairs, his politics, his past, his present, even his dress (he used to pad about the college in sand-shoes). SIR: I met E.H. Carr (who was 40 years my senior) fairly frequently between the mid-Fifties and the mid-Seventies. Carr might have found it helpful to talk to some of the many thousands of exiled Russians who could have told him what had gone on. You can argue that the peasantry were hopelessly backward, locked into communes which could not respond to economic pressure in a ‘rational’ way because the land was tied up in family arrangements that were designed mainly for subsistence farming. Carr does not leave himself open to the kind of demolition-job that Leopold Labedz did on Deutscher.3 He never quite said what he meant. Please change your browser settings to allow Javascript content to run. Stone’s assertion that as a reviewer ‘he never sympathised’ is untrue. Now buried amidst the general unfairness there are some useful observations – e.g. The evidence suggests a surprising unfamiliarity with this subject. After graduation from Ames High School (Ames, Iowa) in 1963, he enlisted into the US Army. letters@lrb.co.uk Collaborating with Carr was personally enjoyable as well as intellectually stimulating. SIR: My half-brother and I have both read the review of the works of our father, the late E.H. Carr, by Norman Stone in this week’s edition of your journal (LRB, 10 January). The interview is reprinted in his volume of essays, Leopold Labedz’s ‘Deutscher as Historian and Prophet’ appeared in. Post Now Post. It is said that they farmed him out to live with an aunt, one of these sad Edwardian spinster-dependents. Their tendency is to stress the economic advances before 1914, although they are in disarray when it comes to agriculture. By E. H. Carr. William Keir Carr was born on St. Patrick's Day, 1923 at Grand Bank, Newfoundland, son of Percy L. Carr and Eleanor H. (Harris) Carr. Later on, Carr was wide-open to the charge that he had advocated first Hitler and then Stalin. In 1924-25 a wonderful scheme for taxation was introduced, in which ‘one head of major horned cattle’ was equated with one horse, one camel, two donkeys, three goats and, in Turkestan, three-tenths of a hectare of irrigated land. View ceremony time and location and leave condolences here. https://oneillhayes.com/tribute/details/1342/Louise-Carr/obituary.html Share a memory. Share Obituary: John E. Carr. II, p. 224). More subtly, it is a sustained exploration of the complicated relationship between political contingency (the rise of Stalin) and structural determinations (the constraints of Russian backwardness). In attempting to unravel these, and to suggest ways in which the problem might be re-examined, I incur the hostility of Professors Davies and Hobsbawm. This evidence also gives the lie to Stone’s extraordinary assertion that ‘there are precious few place-names’ in Carr’s History. It was again characteristic of Carr that he owed the appointment to the pressure of men like Kitson Clark and Michal Vyvyan, with whom he subsequently had frosty relations (or none at all). When Carr was undertaking the bulk of his work, facilities for such research were closed to foreign scholars. Chapter Three in particular (‘Class and Party’) is an extraordinary example of sustained analytical synthesis, which systematically confronts the political dynamism of the Bolsheviks with the structural inertia which constrained and distorted their actions. To back his claim that ‘opposition is seldom considered’ by Carr, he cites Carr’s ‘cursory treatment’ of the 1920 peasant rebellions in Tambov. Mark's Obituary. He joined the Foreign Office in 1916 and was assistant editor of The Times during 1941–46. John le Carré (David Cornwell) in 2017. In that way, he could cover his tracks against a possible charge of Stalinism (which I make, I think, largely indirectly). Thus Trotsky is not even expelled from Russia until the second volume of Foundations. Stone has many bitter and irrelevant things to say about Carr as a man. He was 90 years old. Carr was certainly aware of the complications of the problem, but he ran away from them. Carr makes a great thing of the various opposition movements: Trotsky in the autumn of 1923, Zinoviev and Kamenev in 1925, Bukharin in 1928-9. There were three Mrs Carrs (not one, as the Times obituary claimed), and each marriage ended in hideous circumstances: one wife was left when she already had terminal cancer, another abandoned, when Carr was almost ninety, because she was ‘depressing’. In a BBC talk in 1948, he said: ‘I hope to go as far as the Stalin Constitution [1936] … perhaps even to the beginning of the Second World War,’ though he added: ‘I do not yet know exactly how difficult it is to get adequate sources for the 1930s, and it is obviously much more difficult than for the 1920s.’ Furthermore, Carr was already an octogenarian when he completed his History. The same characteristic marks Stone’s defamatory review of Carr’s life and works. Stone implies that Carr did not know that Ukrainian agriculture differed on the East and West banks of the Dniepr. That was dismissed as ‘fantastic’. The historian Edward Hallett Carr died on 3 November 1982, at the age of 90. He wrote a great deal at this time. She went on to receive her certification in nursing and worked many years at Deerpark Nursing Home. Stone seems to believe that an honest historian should adopt a straightforward unambiguous attitude to these great events and stick to it. The family was quite prosperous, and Carr went to Merchant Taylor’s, where he shone. Second, how much it misses out. Evelyn (DeMello) Carr, 86, of South Dartmouth, passed away on September 16, 2010 at her residence. Centre for Russian and East European Studies, University of Birmingham. The immediate crisis of 1916-17 is skipped over until Volume II, when it receives not much more than a page or two. Od 1916 do 1936 w polityce (m.in. When John Gross took over the TLS he did not ask Carr to review. Still, Carr’s Dostoevsky survives in a way that the effusions on the subject of Lawrence, Gide or even Berdyaev do not, and his evocation of the Dostoevskian ‘double’ (Zosima/Ferapont or Ivan/Smerdyakov) has never been bettered. There followed Europe Transformed 1878-1919 (1983), a … In 1955, Carr was rescued by his old college, Trinity, at Cambridge. 5. Preobrazhensky seriously suggested that ‘bee-keeping and poultry-raising’ should be taxed. He was a very ungenerous reviewer of research-fellowship dissertations, and did not do much to advance his subject through research students (only two attended the funeral). OBITUARY Evelyn Carr October 23, 1923 – September 16, 2010. I have never trusted the Deutscher biography of Trotsky, which has always struck me as a tendentious piece of disguised autobiography with, it is said, a good bit of faulty scholarship. That not until ‘Stalin began to win battles’ did Carr argue ‘for recognition of the rule that the Soviets would have after the War’. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. When Stalin began to win battles, Carr changed his tune. Curiously enough, his money survived these disasters. Edward Hallett Carr (ur.28 czerwca 1892 w Londynie, zm. At his infants’ school they had to stop him from playing chess because he did not get on with anything else; later, it was a toss-up whether he turned to Classics or Mathematics. https://www.seaverfuneralservice.com/obituary/daniel-carr-iii The Russia of the Volga is practically a foreign country, and it is characteristic of this arid and forbidding construction that there is no sense of place, and that there are precious few place-names. JAMES G. CARR passed away 2020-11-21 in This is the full obituary story where you can express condolences and share memories. There is a glimpse of him in Harold Nicolson’s diaries, at the Ritz with Kenyes. Even so, it is curious to see how reluctant he is to condemn, however crazy a particular policy might seem (for example, the goading of German Communists into active opposition to the Social Democrats – ‘Social Fascists’ – at a time when Hitler was at the gates). The Russian character fascinated him. John H. Carr. And instead of needing to advance his ‘own’ hypothesis that this ‘reflected a struggle that had been going on in local parties, in which “mini-Stalins" (Medvedev’s phrase) were emerging’, he would have discovered that Carr, a quarter of a century earlier, had demonstrated how ‘the drift towards personal dictatorship, the greater prestige and influence of the individual leader … first emerged in local organisations’ (ibid, p. 224). At one level, his work is more straightforwardly about the stabilisation of a post-Revolutionary order (what Stone calls the making of Great Power from revolutionary origins). Stone’s carelessness also leads him to make unjustified charges against Carr on larger matters. Even as a child, he was a somewhat unpopular figure, for he did not like fools, and his definition of ‘fool’ was generous. Hinckley, Leicestershire. He died in an old people’s home, the matron of which he would ask, piteously, to hold his hand. These have, of course, to do with the Russian Revolution and Carr’s contribution to our understanding of the Soviet Union, and indeed Stone devotes about two-thirds of his space to a discursive attack on Carr’s multi-volume History. Carr joined the Royal Canadian Air Force in 1941. John le Carré was the pseudonym of the author David Cornwell, judged by many to be the master of the spy novel. His family said Mr. Carr died Wednesday after several years of failing health. He was surrounded by his family as he passed. The problem is to interrelate them. He did so, and hoped instead for a post at Oxford. Edward Carr Is Dead; Key British Historian. Carr was not a good teacher. James Carr passed away at the age of 78 in Contoocook, New Hampshire. He grumbles that Carr’s style is ‘frequently clogged and pompous’. Services & Gatherings. There is no doubt that he regarded the industrial achievements of the Five Year Plans as tremendous. It is, of course, a matter of opinion; so is Carr’s style, which strikes me, and many others, as a grim and plodding degeneration from his good days in the Thirties. It would appear that his own parents did not much care for him either. To say that The Twenty Years’ Crisis was later ‘published with a different title’ is wrong: to dismiss this profound and subtle work on the nature of international politics as a mere tract in favour of appeasing Hitler is ridiculous, and also unhistorical in ignoring the historical context of utopian writing against which Carr was reacting. He used these in footnotes, and Carr’s review responded: it went on and on about how documents were not to be taken literally, and how junior officials were so junior that it was a mistake even to mention their opinions. One difficulty about Carr’s book, as noted above, is that it has many and sometimes contradictory aspects. Obituary for John H. Carr, 1939 - 2018 Dayton, OH. Stone stigmatises Carr as ‘something of a coward’. £25.00. True, after that time the record of political decisions at the centre becomes impossible to read (although of late rather more information has been coming through). But how much did Carr really know of pre-Revolutionary Russia? It was a wonderfully concise account of the life, and it combined psychological penetration with a capacity for irony: Ostrovsky, for instance, ‘was addicted to that particularly Russian form of sentiment which believes that the minor vices, such as drunkenness and dirt, ordinarily cohabit with the major virtues.’ The book is especially good in its treatment of the caesura in Dostoevsky’s life, the years 1863-5, which preceded marriage to Anna Grigorevna and the writing of Crime and Punishment. Please include name, address and a telephone number. In reality, the character of the Ukraine was divided by the River Dniepr. He dismissed as ‘whimsy’ an assertion that the Russian Army did not disintegrate in 1917 (at least before the December armistice). There, in Part I of Volume I, Stone will find four chapters and 200 pages of text which lay out as clearly as one could expect Carr’s view of the post-Revolutionary stabilisation. On the other hand, the book is weak on Dostoevsky the writer, and Carr had a great blind spot when it came to the religious side. She lived a further 15 years and died of pneumonia. He seems to have started out with a plan to chart the history of the Soviet Union as the translation of an Idea into practice: that may account for the difficult lay-out of the book. , towards the end of the book concerns economics, a blow-by-blow refutation of Stone s... Slipped into a peaceful sleep higher in the 1950s, to hold his hand wife, mary Ellen Warren! Government often barely understood what it was quite prosperous, and elegantly written, many of his reviews Carr! 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